QWED laboratory

Measurement Services

Precision RF/microwave material characterisation using our family of resonators and fixtures. We measure Dk, Df, conductivity σ, resistivity ρ, and surface resistance (Ω/sq) — with clear reports and fast turnaround.

What we measure

Solid dielectrics

  • Parameters: Dk, Df, optional TCK/TCF
  • Frequency coverage: 1–170 GHz (method-dependent)
  • Methods: SPDR 1.1–15 GHz, FPOR 10–130 GHz, D-Band FPOR TE01δ 1–10 GHz, Q-SCR 10 GHz

Liquids

  • Parameters: Dk, Df
  • Frequency coverage: 1–50 GHz
  • Methods: FPOR liquids 15–50 GHz, DR/Cavity liquids 1–24 GHz

Conductors

  • Parameters: σ (conductivity)
  • Frequencies: 13.9, 20.4 GHz and 12–50 GHz
  • Methods: DR for conductors 13.9/20.4 GHz (optional higher frequencies), FPOR for conductors 12–50 GHz

Semiconductors

  • Parameters: σ, ρ, Rs (Ω/sq)
  • Frequencies: 5 GHz (other on request) and 1.1–15 GHz
  • Methods: SiPDR 5 GHz, SPDR 1.1–15 GHz

Absorbers

  • Parameters: Rs (Ω/sq), ρ
  • Method: SiPDR 5 GHz

Ferromagnetics

  • Parameters: FMR linewidth (ΔH)
  • Frequencies: 2-18 GHz
  • Methods: MPR Cavity for Ferromagnetics 5 GHz (possible 10 GHz),MPR Subwavelength cavity for Ferromagnetics 5=9 GHz (possible 2-18 GHz)

What you receive

  • Report with methodology, conditions, and uncertainty notes
  • Extracted parameters (Dk, Df, Rs, σ/ρ etc.) and resonance/Q data
  • Charts and tables (vs frequency and/or temperature as applicable)
  • Raw data (CSV) on request
  • Confidential handling & NDA support

Sample requirements

General
  • Provide base material, thickness, dimensions
  • Note coatings, porosity, anisotropy or bonding layers
  • Provide liquid type and safety datasheet
Solid dielectrics
SPDR
  • Planar samples with clean edges
  • Thickness: 0.6 – 6 mm (frequency-dependent)
  • Diameter: 14 – 120 mm (frequency-dependent)
  • For more details check: SPDR.
FPOR
  • Discs or sheets: Ø 50 – 150 mm
  • Thickness: 1 µm –3 mm
  • If anisotropic, specify in-plane axes
  • For more details check: FPOR.
TE01δ
  • Sample diameter & height: ~0.25–0.6 mm
  • Temperature range: -270–125 °C
  • For more details check: TE01δ.
Q-SCR
  • Planar samples: 40 – 100 mm
  • Thickness: up to ~4 mm
  • For more details check: Q-SCR.
Liquids
FPOR liquids 15–50 GHz
  • Required fluid volume: 100 - 250 ml
  • For more details check: FPOR liquids.
DR/Cavity liquids
  • Specify test cell volume and material compatibility
  • Specify liquid volume
  • For more details check: DR/Cavity liquids.
Conductors
DR for Conductors
  • Squares samples 23–60 mm;
  • thickness: ≥ 3 skin depths (depends on material and frequency) - for more details contact through form below
  • State metal type and surface finish; for copper-clad give laminate data (thickness, material)
  • For more details check: DR conductors.
FPOR for conductors 12–50 GHz
  • Discs Ø150 – 195 mm
  • ≥ 5 skin depths (depends on material and frequency) - for more details contact through form below
  • Provide target conductivity range if known
  • For more details check: FPOR conductors.
Semiconductors
SiPDR
  • Planar wafers or filmsp
  • Films thickness: from few µm up to ~1 mm
  • Diameters: 30–90 mm
  • For films on substrates: give substrate Dk (if possible) and thickness
  • For more details check: SiPDR.
SPDR
  • Planar samples with clean edges
  • Thickness: 0.6 – 6 mm (frequency-dependent)
  • Diameter: 14 – 120 mm (frequency-dependent)
  • For more details check: SPDR.
Absorbers
SiPDR
  • Planar wafers or filmsp
  • Films thickness: from few µm up to ~1 mm
  • Diameters: 30–90 mm
  • For films on substrates: give substrate Dk (if possible) and thickness
  • For more details check: SiPDR.
Ferromagnetics
ΔH setups
  • Provide sample diameter, volume and material
  • For more details check: SiPDR or
  • SiPDR